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How does the financial crisis affect quantitative trading - forex trading system 96 percent winners

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How does the financial crisis affect quantitative trading ~ forex trading system 96 percent winners


Now that we are reasonably sure the financial world is not coming to an end yet, it is reasonable to ask how quantitative strategies have been faring under this extreme market stress. Despite reports of massive hedge fund deleveraging and negative YTD returns, I believe quantitative strategies, especially statistical arbitrage, have survived the period relatively unscathed. But here are a few of my thoughts:

1) The paltry 10% annual returns that a mediocre statarb fund can deliver is suddenly looking pretty good when the risk-free rate is under 1% and a prolonged bear market is on the horizon.

2) Mean-reversal models continue to beat momentum models in this crisis environment, as in previous crisis environments. This is not surprising because market returns have completely dominated specific returns, and of course market returns have been highly mean-reverting lately.

3) Models involving shorts are under some tumoil because of regime-change induced by new and ever-changing short-sale regulations. (For a while, I even have difficulties locating SPY for hedging purposes!)

4) Models are generally trained on data with far lower volatility than is recently realized. (Even incorporting VIX in a model does not guarantee that it can match realized volatility any better.)
As a result, P&Ls fluctuations are also much higher than usual, which induces deleveraging as a risk-management measure, which drains liquidity from the market, which in turn leads to still higher volatility. The usual viscious cycle.

5) Political risks in an election year have further reduced leverage and increased volatility. What if there is an assassination? What if the wrong party got elected? What if the paper-trailess electronic voting machines cause another dispute for a month? The nightmares will continue at least until the morning of Nov 5.

6) Normally, lack of liquidity in the market is good for statarb models since they profit from renting out temporary liquidity. However, this profitability assumes that there are buyers of last resort for the market: the long-term investors, the mutual funds, Warren Buffet, etc. When they are absent, statarb investors can be left holding the bag. Fortunately, Warren Buffet & Co. has indeed stepped in and we statarb traders can breathe a sigh of relief.

7) I have been paying particular attention to 3 websites since the crisis began in order to judge whether I should return to my normal leverage: the Ted spread (I am waiting for it to return to below 2), the Calculated Risk blog, and Paul Krugmans blog. This crisis is caused by panic in the credit market, so we should look for credit market returning to normal before declaring victory. The VIX? Not so much because I believe it is backward-looking in this environment.

8) Watching Fannie, Freddie, Lehman, AIG, WaMu, Wachovia, Iceland, and the initial bailout bill failed feels like reading Chapter 8 of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: "The Ministry has fallen. Scrimgeour is dead. They are coming." The Dark Lord is taking over our economy.
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Columbia Workshop on Financial Engineering - forex trading strategies that work pdf

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Columbia Workshop on Financial Engineering ~ forex trading strategies that work pdf


Our readers in New York may be interested in this finance workshop at Columbia University tomorrow.
I am particularly interested in the talk by Kent Daniel on "Characterizing Momentum", and by Doug Borden (of Knight Equity Markets) on "Stochastic Control Theory in High-Frequency Trading". Dougs talk can be downloaded here.



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Forex Trading Financial Software an indispensible too - forex profit heaper trading system

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Forex Trading Financial Software an indispensible too ~ forex profit heaper trading system


Where can I find out the latest on Forex trading financial software? Well if you already have a Forex account you would have the answer to that question. There are many different types of software in regards to the Forex.

This Forex trading financial software has the latest information and market situations so that you have the information right at your fingertips. This will make the decision that you have much more easier as it provides market analysis in order to make an informed choice.

By using the Forex trading financial software in conjunction with your account, you will have the tools and information to choose wisely as far as what you will buy and sell in regards to your foreign currency. It takes time, patience and information in order to make informed choices when you are ready to buy or sell currency.

When you make a choice with Forex trading financial software that is fully informed, you stand the chance of making a financial gain when buying or selling in the marketplace.

When choosing the Forex trading financial software that is right for your situation, you will have an edge over those who do not have that information. Also by choosing whether or not your software is mechanical or automatic can make quite the difference in jumping on the bandwagon as it happens or missing an opportunity. This depends upon the choices that you make.

When accessing Forex trading financial software, you have a choice of whether or not to buy and sell. You also have the choice of the currency that you wish to buy or sell. You also have the choice of the lot set that you wish to purchase. You also have the choice of what is to be sold when.

Custom tailored software, like the forex trading financial software is geared specifically for the forex market. They cannot be found anywhere else except in the forex market. This is because the forex market is unique over other markets.

The uniqueness is of the forex market makes this software. A very essential tool for any investors. With the guidance obtained through using the software, you will allow yourself to be better equipped for making informed decisions in a fast-growing market.

By Joel Gardner
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Are financial speculations really harmful human activities - forex trading strategy using pivot points

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Are financial speculations really harmful human activities ~ forex trading strategy using pivot points


It is worrisome when not one but two eminent economists denounced financial speculation as "harmful human activities" in the short space of 2 weeks. (See Paul Krugmans column here and Robert Franks here.) It is more worrisome when their proposed cure to this evil is to apply a financial transaction tax to all financial transactions.

Granted, you can always find this or that situation when financial speculation did cause harm. Maybe speculation did cause the housing bubble. Maybe speculation did cause an energy price bubble. In the same vein, you can also argue that driving is a harmful human activity because cars did cause a few horrific traffic accidents.

No, we cant focus on a few catastrophes if we were to argue that financial speculation is harmful. We have to focus on whether it is harmful on average. And on this point, I havent seen our eminent economists present any scientific evidence. On the other hand, as an ex-physicist and an Einstein-devotee, I can imagine some  thought experiments (or gedankenexperiment as Einstein would call them), where I can illustrate how the absence of financial speculation can clearly be detrimental to the interests of the much-beloved long-term investors. To make a point, a gedankenexperiment is usually constructed so that the conditions are extreme and unrealistic. So here I will assume that the financial transaction tax is so onerous that no hedge funds and other short-term traders exist anymore.

Gedankenexperiment A: Ms. Smith just received a bonus from her job and would like to buy one of her favorite stocks in her retirement account. Unfortunately, on the day she placed her order, a major mutual fund was rebalancing its portfolio and had also decided to shift assets into that stock. In the absence of hedge funds and other speculators selling or even shorting this stock, the price of that stock went up 40% from the day before. Not knowing that the cause of this spike was a temporary liquidity squeeze, and afraid that she would have to pay even more in the future, Ms. Smith paid the ask price and bought the stock that day. A week later, the stock price fell 45% from the peak after the mutual fund buying subsided. Ms. Smith was mortified.

Gedankenexperiment B: Mr. Smith decided that the stock market is much too volatile (due to the lack of speculators!) and opted to invest his savings into mutual funds instead. He took a look at his favorite mutual funds performance, and unfortunately, its recent performance seemed to be quite a few notches below its historical average. The fund manager explained on her website that since her fund derived its superior performance from rapidly liquidating holdings in companies that announced poor earnings, the absence of liquidity in the stock market often forced her to sell into an abyss. Disgusted, Mr. Smith opted to keep his savings in his savings account.

Of course, our economists will say that the tax is not so onerous that it will deprive the market of all speculators (only the bad ones!?). But has anyone studied if we impose 1 unit of tax, how many units of liquidity in the marketplace will be drained, and in turn, how many additional units of transaction costs (which include implicit costs due to the increased volatility of securities) would be borne by an average investor, who may not have the luxury of submitting a limit order and waiting for the order to be filled?
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200 Pip Targets Still Hit During Financial Crisis Using Methodology - 10 pips forex trading system the 3rd candle

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200 Pip Targets Still Hit During Financial Crisis Using Methodology ~ 10 pips forex trading system the 3rd candle




During the infamous Financial Crisis of 2007-08 and its aftermath, many trading strategies began losing money because of the dramatic increase in market volatility. Methodologies that functioned with very few hiccups before the Crisis, were no longer profitable and could not adjust to the new scenarios that unfolded over subsequent years. Nevertheless, the methodology outlined in the Trading Manual held firm despite the market turbulence experienced during that time.

The methodology uses Price-Action patterns on the Daily & 4 Hour Charts to identify high probability trades that provide between 100 and 200 Pips. The setups that provide these opportunities exist during normal periods of market activity as well as heightened periods of volatility coinciding with safe-haven investment flows.

The European Sovereign Debt Crisis and the 2007-08 Financial Crisis stand out as strong examples of factors that lead to increased volatility. Since the formation of consolidation tends to characterize these market conditions, we can look at examples of how the strategy would have been applied to this type of setup. In each of these examples, explanations of the technical factors that would justify entry and exit are provided.


CONSOLIDATION BREAKOUTS

Consolidation and breakouts from consolidation are typical market patterns seen throughout the currency market. Consolidations are periods of indecision and low market liquidity in which traders are uncertain as to how a currency pair will be affected by a major, underlying economic factor. The larger the consolidation, the more significant is the underlying scenario that is unfolding. Whenever this issue finally comes to light in the form of a single or series of news releases, a sharp breakout at the Support or the Resistance of the consolidation will take place. The direction of this breakout will be in favour of the currency that benefits from the reaction to the news by investors and traders.


The graph below shows the large Pennant consolidation that was formed for the EURO JPY pair between July and August 2011. The Pennant coincided with one of the periods of the European Sovereign Debt Crisis in which Greece was believed to be on the brink of exiting the eurozone due to its severe fiscal and economic challenges. It was also feared that such an exit would have a ripple effect that led to other countries leaving the Union as well.

FIGURE 1- EURO JPY - DAILY CHART














In July, Greece was eventually provided with the assistance it needed to resolve its crisis and prevent contagion among other European countries. However, the market went back into crisis mode in August when European Commission President Jose Manual Barros warned that the Sovereign Debt Crisis was spreading beyond the periphery of the eurozone. Yields on government bonds from Spainand Italyrose sharply as investors demanded larger returns to lend to these countries. As a result, the European Central Bank said it would buy the government bonds of these countries to reduce their borrowing costs, amid concerns that they would be also be hit by a crisis.

Adding fuel to the fire of market uncertainty were developments taking place in the United States- the epicenter of the 2007-08 Financial Crisis. In August, Standard & Poor’s made a landmark decision to downgrade US sovereign debt from its prized AAA rating amid a political stalemate over the country’s debt ceiling. Citing a lack of confidence in the country’s ability to reach a political solution, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating and said it was pessimistic about future decision making. The historic move by S&P reflected the rating agencies’ push to become more proactive than they were during the financial crisis.

Within this context, a breakout short from the Pennant to reflect the selling of Euro and the safe-haven buying of the Japanese Yen was inevitable.  This began on September 8, 2011, with a bearish candle signal on the Daily Chart.


FIGURE 2- EURO JPY- DAILY CHART SIGNAL















As the currency pair presented this trading opportunity, entry took place immediately, with the target set for 200 Pips as per the methodology.


FIGURE 3 - EURO JPY - DAILY CHART RESULT














The target was hit after few days for 220 Pips, with slippage taking place to capture a few extra pips. This exit point also coincided with the appearance of Tweezer Bottoms, which are signals that indicate the end of a Breakout.

During this time, a Range had been formed on the Daily Chart of the USD CAD pair that also reflected the pessimistic sentiment of the market.  This Consolidation would also be broken to reflect the safe-haven buying of the US Dollar.

FIGURE 4 - DAILY CHART- USD CAD
















The signal to start the breakout came on September 21, 2011 in the form of a bullish candle breaking Resistance. That signal coincided with statements from the International Monetary Fund in which it forecast slower growth in the UK and the US and warned that the Sovereign debt and banking sector problems in the euro area had proven much more tenacious than expected.


FIGURE 5 - USD CAD - DAILY CHART
















Once again, entry took place on the same day of the signal, with the target of 200 Pips being set. This target was successfully hit a few days later.


FIGURE 6- USD CAD- DAILY CHART RESULT















The exit point for this trade took place at the area where consolidations normally end. This area is referred to as the Breakout Equivalent and is a concept that is applied to all consolidation types. Once this is correctly identified - based on certain parameters related to the consolidation in question- exit points for trades can be more confidently established. This allows the trader to be able to avoid the volatility and the pullbacks that normally follow the end of these breakouts.

The 2008 Financial Crisis also provided opportunities that were clear, strong and in sync with the types of setups that are targeted for trading. These setups formed part of the back-testing of the methodology and confirmed its robustness during these tail risk events. Consolidations were also formed during the early stages of the crisis, but these were much larger given the severity of the situation that was unraveling.

TRADING WITHIN CONSOLIDATION

Trades can also be executed within Consolidation boundaries instead of waiting until they are broken. To justify trading within these volatile setups, however, the distance between Support and Resistance should at least be 300 Pips. The EURO USD provided such a Consolidation, when it formed a 600-Pip Range between March and August of 2008.


FIGURE 7 - EURO USD-DAILY CHART